The Korean company says the bogie was developed over five years as part of the 'Development of low-depth urban railway system technology' national research project.

The new technology could allow trams lines to follow existing road layouts more closely, potentially reducing construction costs in complex city centres.

Furthermore, Hyundai Rotem's says the bogie reduces track forces by more than 30% compared to existing devices, reducing noise and extending wheel and rail life.

Core technologies on the bogie include individual motor torque control, individual wheel braking control, and active hydraulic steering, which Hyundai Rotem says is able to move the steering of the front and rear axles simultaneously or separately.